If you have a building with a parapet wall, you’ve probably noticed how much it endures like sun, rain, snow, and strong winds all taking their toll over time. Parapet walls play a big role in protecting your roof and giving your building that finished look, but they can also develop problems if not cared for properly.
Here, you'll learn about the most common parapet wall damages, their causes, and how to fix them before they worsen. Whether you’re a homeowner or a property manager, a little maintenance can save you a lot of money and stress in the long run.
Cracks are one of the most common issues you’ll see on a parapet wall. They might look harmless at first, but even small cracks can let water sneak in and cause deeper damage. These cracks often appear because of temperature changes, building settlement, or simply aging materials.
When the wall expands in the heat and contracts in the cold, stress builds up and the mortar joints or bricks start to separate. Over time, those fine lines can widen, allowing rainwater to seep in, and that’s when the real trouble begins.
If you catch the problem early, sealing the cracks with a flexible masonry sealant is often enough. It keeps out water and helps the wall expand and contract safely. For larger cracks, though, you may need to repoint the mortar or even replace the damaged sections of brick or stone. Doing this not only restores the wall’s strength but also keeps it looking neat and uniform.
Spalling happens when the surface of your bricks or concrete starts to chip, flake, or crumble. It’s usually caused by water getting inside the wall and then freezing during cold weather. As the water freezes, it expands, pushing out bits of the brick or concrete. Over time, this repeated freeze-and-thaw cycle can make the wall look rough and uneven.
To fix spalling, the damaged material should be carefully removed and replaced with new bricks or mortar. It’s also a good idea to apply a waterproof sealant or coating after the repair. This creates a protective barrier that helps keep moisture out in the future.
Another tip? Check the drainage around your roof and parapet wall. If water is pooling or not draining properly, it can increase the chances of spalling. Proper drainage is one of the easiest and most effective ways to prevent this issue from coming back.
Water damage is a silent enemy of parapet walls. Over time, rainwater can find its way into cracks, gaps, or weak spots in the mortar. If your flashing (the thin metal sheet that directs water away from joints) is damaged or missing, leaks are almost guaranteed.
When water seeps into a wall, it can cause mold, weaken the mortar, and even stain the interior walls of your building. To fix leaks, start by inspecting and repairing the flashing, especially where the parapet meets the roof. Make sure coping stones (the caps on top of the wall) are secure and properly sealed, as these are often the first line of defense against moisture.
If the damage is already done, repair any loose or missing mortar and apply a waterproof coating to the parapet. For lasting results, consider getting professional help from parapet wall contractors to restore your wall’s strength and prevent future leaks. Finally, keep your gutters and downspouts clean, as the blocked drainage can cause water to back up and leak into the wall.
Sometimes, parapet wall problems go beyond surface damage. If you notice your wall bulging, leaning, or showing large cracks, it could mean there are structural issues at play. These are often caused by corroded metal braces, weak anchors, or poor construction that didn’t include enough reinforcement.
A structurally compromised parapet wall is a serious safety concern since the loose bricks or entire sections can collapse if left unchecked. That’s why it’s best to call in a professional mason as soon as you spot signs of instability.
Depending on the extent of the problem, the repair might include reinforcing the wall with new metal ties, anchoring it securely to the roof structure, or even partially rebuilding the wall using stronger materials. Though it may sound costly, fixing structural issues early is far cheaper than dealing with a collapse or water infiltration later.
If you’ve ever seen a white, powdery substance on the surface of your parapet wall, that’s efflorescence. It’s not harmful, but it’s a clear sign that water is moving through your wall. When the moisture evaporates, it leaves behind salt deposits that show up as a chalky white coating.
To clean efflorescence, use a specialized masonry cleaner or mild acid solution designed for the job. Avoid scrubbing too hard or using high-pressure washers, because they can damage the brick surface.
Once the wall is clean, take steps to stop the moisture that caused it in the first place. Applying a good-quality waterproofing treatment can help keep the salts from resurfacing. Also, check for cracks or gaps that might be letting water in and fix them right away.
Taking a few simple preventive steps can make a big difference in keeping your parapet wall strong, safe, and looking great for years to come.
Inspect regularly: Walk around your roofline every few months, especially after storms or extreme weather to check for cracks, loose mortar, or water pooling near the wall.
Add protective coatings: Apply caps, sealants, or waterproof coatings to shield the wall from moisture and reduce weather damage.
Include expansion joints: When building or rebuilding a parapet wall, make sure it includes expansion joints. These allow the wall to flex with temperature changes and prevent cracking.
Keep up with maintenance: Routine upkeep doesn’t take much time but can add years to your wall’s lifespan.
Address issues early: If you spot bulges, cracks, or water stains, don’t ignore them, as the small repairs now can prevent major damage later.
Your parapet wall does more than just frame the roof. It shields your building from wind, rain, and moisture. But like any other part of your home, it needs care to stay strong and beautiful. Cracks, spalling, leaks, and efflorescence may seem small at first, but if you act quickly and use the right solutions, you can stop the damage before it spreads.
By keeping your wall clean, sealed, and well-maintained, you’re not just improving your building’s appearance; you’re protecting it for years to come. And when in doubt, don’t hesitate to call a professional mason for a quick inspection. They can help spot potential issues early and guide you with the best repair options.
A strong, well-cared-for parapet wall means peace of mind, and one less thing to worry about when the next storm rolls in.